... admired by Russian artists seeking to exert their independence from western European traditions. Malevich declared that the Black Square constituted the "zero of form-, an end to old conventions and the origin of a new pictorial language. The forms of this language were strictly geometrical, but they rapidly evolved into increasingly complex paintings in which the geometrical ... airplanes and antigravity. Malevich used the theme of flight to incite the feeling of movement in his works. For most of Malevich's paintings depicting flight, the view is from above. The viewer is looking down...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate