... called by her the "mind - body dichotomy" because man, in her opinion, is a being of integrated body and soul. That is why she rejects the mind - body dualism of Rene Descartes, who claimed that "matter and spirit are two separate kinds of substances which can exist apart from one another"(Full Context: Metaphysics: par 4). On the other hand, Rand seems to ... uphold the view of Rene Descartes as far as the self-evident existence of volitional consciousness is concerned, which is treated as the second axiom of her philosophy. Consequently, such philosophies as "behaviourism" and "elimin...

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... heritage of William Ockham and Cusanus and confirms Cusanus' foundation of sciences, which is elaborated into an analytical-synthetic epistemological model to approach reality. Comparing the theories of Kepler, Galileo, Descartes, Francis Bacon, Hobbes, Newton, Locke and Vico, each in their own way reflects the above mentioned, adage. At the same time Augustine's introspective search for truth is further radicalised inasmuch ... ...

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• Grade Level: High School