The types of gene therapy described so far , all have one thing in common which is, that the tissues being treated are somatic (somatic cells include all the cells of the body, except sperm cells and egg cells). ... To obtain correct gene action, it may be necessary to put it into the correct site on the host (or another organism, where a plant or animal that lives on or in another, lives) cell chromosome, or even to delete the defective gene , and the DNA can then be replicated (or to reproduce exactly an organism, genetic material, or a cell.)each time the host cell divided. .....

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Single-gene disorders are caused by mutations or changes that occur in the DNA grouping of a gene. ... Chromosomes are structures made up of DNA and protein. They are located in the nucleus of each cell. ... They are caused by changes in the nonchromosomal DNA of mitochondria. Because mitochondria come only from the egg, they are inherited exclusively from the mother. ...

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These strands could be attached to other strands of DNA. Cohen had found a way to cross species boundaries, using cells of DNA called plasmids, and had also came up with a way of isolating and cloning genes. ... Boyer's enzyme would allow Cohen to introduce specific DNA segments to plasmids. ... The oldest of these techniques is called Recombinant DNA. ... Recombinant DNA techniques rely on biological vectors such as plasmids or viruses to carry foreign genes into cells. ...

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Important Facts the smallest unit of life is the cell instructions for development are contained in DNA collectively, all of the chemical processes in a cell are called metabolism producers often obtain energy from the sun homeostasis refers to the ability to maintain a constant internal environment cells in domains archaea and eubacteria lack nucleii plants are multicellular producers an educated guess might be called a hypothesis science is based on evidence philosophy is not a step in the scientific method an atom is the smallest unit of substance that retains the properties of the subst...

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Subclass Pelobiontae includes one genus, Pelomyxa, large cells which lack almost every characteristic of eukaryotic cells except the existence of a membrane-bound nucleus; these cells' nuclei divide like bacterial nucleoids. ... Many dinomastigotes have cells below the cell membrane that are capable of discharging a substance that stings prey. ... While the DNA of most other eukaryotes forms fibrils that are 10nm wide, the DNA of dinomastigotes is only 2.5 nm wide. Also, eukaryotic DNA usually only condenses during mitosis, but the DNA of organisms in this phylum is always condensed. ...

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