... history of the discoveries post-DNA structure is very detailed, in the interest of brevity, I will provide a brief timeline summarizing the main points leading to the present: 1953: George Gamow suggests that DNA holds the code for making proteins 1959: The first human chromosome abnormality, Down syndrome, is identified 1960: Messenger RNA, the link between DNA and the ... viruses to create the first molecules of recombinant DNA Bruce Ames discovers cancer-causing chemicals mutates DNA; leads to invention of Ames test for carcinogens. 1973: Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer insert an Afr...

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