... . Results After heating up the sodium chloride (NaCl) for 5 minutes and discovered that nothing happened to it. Discussion Sodium chloride contains two charged particles, Na+ and Cl-. Cl- is missing one electron to get 8 electrons in its outer shell, and Na+ has one electron too much to reach its goals of 8 electrons. This creates an electrostatic attraction between the two particles, and ... Na+ gets an electron from Cl-. These ions will stay together by the electrostatic attraction because they are oppositely charged. This is called an ionic bonding, and in this case it ... : 22°C Th...

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... of the container. 2Cl‾ (aq) à Cl2 (g) + 2e‾ Diagram 2: Mercury Cell - Electrolyser At the mercury cathode sodium ions are discharged instead of hydrogen ions in the following manner: Na+ (aq) + e‾ à Na (l) The now discharged sodium then dissolves in the mercury to form a liquid amalgam which is then run into the second stage of the reaction; the decomposer. Water is pumped ... into the tank containing graphite blocks suspended on the mercury. Sodium is then oxidised and the ions pass into the solution as shown below: Na/Hg (l) à Na+ (aq) + Hg (l) + e‾ Hydrogen gas and h...

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... when you electrolysed the molten salt. • H20(l)  H+(aq) + OH- (aq) The Ions present are: Na+, Cl-, OH- and H+. At the Cathode: The ions present here are Na+ and H+. The most reactive ion is going stay in the solution. Looking at the reactivity series, Na+ (sodium) is more reactive than H (hydrogen) and so will remain in the solution, as hydrogen gas bubbles ... ...

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... , but that electron hasn't been lost - it may no longer have an attachment to a particular atom, but it's still there in the structure. Sodium metal is therefore written as Na - not Na+. The physical properties of metals This strong bonding and the fact that the particles present in metals are tightly packed in the lattice results in dense, strong materials with high ... ...

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... anions and cations together. Coordination Number- of an atom is the number of ions opposite charge that surround the ion in a crystal. Ex. NaCl, because Na positive and has ion is surrounded by 6 Cl negative ions, Na positive has a coordination number of 6. Metallic Bonds- consists of the attraction of the free-floating valence electrons for the positively charged metal ions. These bonds ... ...

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... non-metal negative ion's ending is changed to "ide". However, there is only an exception. When the negative ions are polyatomic ions, the name remains unchanged. Examples: 1. MgO 2. NaOH CATION: Na+ is named as sodium (Group I metal) CATION: Mg2+ is named magnesium ANION: OH- is named as hydroxide ANION: O2- is named oxide Name of compound is sodium hydroxide Name of ... ...

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