... to be treated by genetic engineering, specifically, gene therapy. The basis of gene therapy is to supply a functional gene to cells lacking that particular function, thus correcting the genetic disorder or disease. There are two main categories of gene therapy: germ line therapy, or altering of sperm and egg cells, and somatic cell therapy, which is much like an organ transplant. Germ ... line therapy results in a permanent change for the entire organism, and its future offspring. Unfortunately, germ line therapy, is not readily in use on humans for ethical reasons. However, this geneti...

• Word Count: 3104
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... a symbiont relationship with another prokaryote. The aerobic prokaryote was enclosed by the bacterium's cell surface membrane in the process of endocytosis, which is made easy by the absence of a cell wall in the bacterium. The aerobic prokaryote wasn't digested but continued to function inside the other cell. The host cell received energy that the aerobic prokaryote released. The mitochondrion that ... history of the Earth's organisms. Paleontologists have assembled great evolutionary histories for many animal groups. An example would be looking at probable relationships between ancien...

• Word Count: 2685
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... The process begins with an enucleated egg. A stem cell from a different animal is then fused with the enucleated egg cell from the original animal. The two animals, in which the cells come from, are the same type of animal, such as two sheep or two cows, but not the same animal. An electric current is passed trough ... the two cells to fuse them together. The parent stem cell now begins to direct the function of the enucleated egg cell. The two cells have now become one. This new cell is placed in side the uterus of a surrogate mother and would then be allowed to grow and develop. After ...

• Word Count: 786
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... this type of experimentation. After the complete synthetic virus was created the researchers injected it into mice and amazingly is carried out its function like a normal polio virus. Eureka the first synthetic virus is born! To create the polio virus the researchers downloaded the genetic ... a little over the edge. Just to show how much attention this discovery has made I have attached a copy of a Congressional hearing in which requested resolutions that were passed. Within the resolutions the congress "expresses serious concern regarding the decision by the American Association for t...

• Word Count: 1207
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... systems, the bones and sweat glands and the reproductive system. In this paper, we will discuss CF and its effects on the respiratory system only. Cystic Fibrosis was first recognized in the 1930's. Children with CF have an abnormal function of a cell protein called cystic fibrosis trans membrane regulator (CFTR ... . Only a very few people understand the process. This therapy has begun since 1990, when the scientists successfully corrected the faulty CFTR protein in the laboratory. The therapy's aim is to complementing the mutation of the protein CFTR other than replace the abnormal gen...

• Word Count: 1448
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School