... Nitrogen Dioxide are irritants to the lungs, which can aggravate respiratory problems, in addition to being the main cause of smog alerts in urban areas. It also is a precursor of acid rain and contributes to an over-fertilization of small water bodies which can led to algae blooms ()footnote of the nitrogen cycle. Sulfur Dioxide causes lung irritation and ... acid rain like Nox but it also interferes with a car part (i.e. catalytic converter) that gives the car the ability to reduce emissions. Some cleaner, reformulated versions of gasoline have very low sulfur ... ...

• Word Count: 2418
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in wells around New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Kentucky. In the 1930s, there were trials to inject non-explosive fluids into the ground, to stimulate wells. Extractors often used acid, which created scrapes along the surfaces of fractures to allow more oil and gas to escape via the surface. Hydraulic fracturing was introduced in 1947 by Stanolind Oil. It was ... amounts of waste fluids that are left in open air pits evaporate releasing various organic, volatile compounds. These compounds, when released into the atmosphere, contaminate the air, causing procession of acid rain a...

• Word Count: 2970
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The temperature on earth's surface is determined by the solar radiation energy and heat reflected from the earth to outer space. Sunlight warms the surface, and then emits energy in the form infrared rays, or heat. Then a certain percentage of these rays are absorbed in the by atmospheric gases, thus heating the atmosphere which in turn radiates heat back toward earth's surface. With this process, known as the "greenhouse effect", the earth's average surface temperature is kept around 15 C. If not for this process the temperature of the earth would drop by over 30C to about -18C, mak...

• Word Count: 479
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate