... Rome was the central position of any unifying movement. But the Pope had its own finance, army and administration which formed an individual and separate state local rivalry was marked and particularism prevented the rise of a homogeneous nationalism. As Metternich said "in Italy, states are against states, ... liberals, one school favoured a federation of states under the presidency of the Pope. These were the neo-guelphs led by Gioberti whose book On the Moral and Civil Primacy of the Italians was the representative of the political view. The other school led by Balbo advocated the ....

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• Approx Pages: 43
• Grade Level: Undergraduate