... women eventually earned college and graduate degrees and sought full time employment in higher rates than either black men or white women, while maintaining a community service ethic. This served as a great inspiration to white women (MacLean, 2009, p. 70). The civil rights movement broadened the definition of leadership to ... able to take charge and make an impact on the movement. Robinson led the Women's Political Council, which plotted strategy for a one-day bus boycott in Montgomery following Rosa Parks' arrest. The Council was able to recruit clergy to lend their churches for mass...

• Word Count: 2185
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... de jure in the South. Therefore Northern politicians were exceedingly hesitant to support any efforts toward equalizing educational opportunities for black students. Several whites were against using school funds to bus black students to schools with open seats thus making it virtually impossible for black students to participate in the open enrollment program. On June 21, 1974, Federal Judge W. Arthur Garrity ... welfare rights or the idea of allowing people to purchase things that are not within their means. Jon Rice's The World of the Illinois Panthers and Johanna Fernandez's Between...

• Word Count: 1231
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and officially or unofficially found sanctuary behind federal lines. Black slaves who fled to Union lines, or "contrabands," often proved themselves extremely useful, even before the government enlisted them into service. African American volunteers were in readiness to serve in the Civil War when the Union called them. President Lincoln and Union leaders vacillated greatly on the question of the abolition ... as newspaper, radio, and television reporters and cameramen documented the struggle to end racial inequality. There were also continuing efforts to legally challenge segregation t...

• Word Count: 4134
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate