... certain Catholic sacraments. By openly questioning the practices and purpose of the universal church with the aid of the printing press, Luther and the Reformists marked a broken sense of a unified Christian society. In the wake, many groups sprung up, each with their own ideal of what a church's role should be. Though not his original intent, Luther's reforms birthed a German ... their own, whether expressing their divergence relatively peacefully (as in the case of the Genevan flock of Calvin, who details points of contention with the Catholics in Institutes of the Christian Religion) ...

• Word Count: 2887
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a religious and political movement that gave birth to Protestantism and Catholic reform throughout Europe. "It is fair to regard the Reformation as revolutionary, for it shattered the unity of the Christian church, which had for the previous one thousand years provided the cultural and organizational foundation of the Western Civilization" (Strayer 1995: 35). The faith the church proclaimed had provided the ... targets of either hatred or derision from local townspeople" (Mackenney 1993: 5). "...the five Vicars of Christ who ruled the Holy See during Magellan's lifetime [1480-1521] were ...

• Word Count: 2755
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... rituals and sacraments meant that almost every part of a Catholic's life, from birth (baptism) to death (last rites) was connected to a local priest. Even many social services such as orphanages, schools, charities, and hospitals were organized by the Church. However, as the Protestant Reformation began, Martin Luther printed the Bible in German in 1522 and completely changed the role of the ... , Hill, Buckler, Crowston, Wiesner-Hanks 339) This meant that one only needed to have faith for God, grace to God, and most importantly, a deep understanding for Scripture to be a devout Christia...

• Word Count: 1465
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate