... of the ordinary mass. Machaut uses numerical symbols relating to the bible, which could only be understood if one were to study the mass in its entirety. This mass is a classic case of non-immediate Medieval, pre-Renaissance music. Common characteristics of Medieval (6th-15th c.) music are its monophonic, chant-based notions. Although the Renaissance held on to some ... was supposedly an obvious motive at the time. The other new techniques of Du Fay's mass came from the way it sounded, written for two tenor lines using only 14 notes, as opposed to 15. Finally, throughout the piece Du Fa...

• Word Count: 1165
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the Italian Renaissance, the education system in Europe was controlled by the Latin Church, which basically taught mostly religious doctrine. Then, beginning in the 1300's, many scholars began to discover classic works by the likes of Plato and especially Cicero. Cicero, who was a Roman philosopher and statesman, studied something he called "humane studies." Cicero influenced Francesco Petrarch, who started the renaissance ... , known for his criticism of the church and thought to many as the most respected northern humanist of the 16th century. But even with all these things to overcome...

• Word Count: 2270
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate