... that was needed in man's search for salvation. However, Shinran continuously argued against the need for temples and rituals, which were characteristic of Honen's beliefs, and pioneered a break from that discipline by marrying, eating meat, and living a normal secular life. In support of this Reischauer, Fairbank, and Craig say that "Shinran insisted that a single sincere utterance of the Buddha's name sufficed ... of meditation to return to the original experience of the Buddha by inducing the personal experience of Satori and jarring the individual out of reliance on the intellectual ...

• Word Count: 2306
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... hurtful to others (ibid.). In fact, attaining Nirvana requires to refuse any participation in lying, gossiping, drug dealing or other harmful behaviors. The last category is about meditation and mental discipline. It suggests that one should put the right effort to develop a good and productive state of mind and to eliminate and avoid any bad and unproductive condition or mental state ... be discussed is yoga, which is a form of meditation that involves a complete consciousness on a physical and mental level. This practice, which is inspired from Hindu traditions, allows a devoted pract...

• Word Count: 2720
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... introduced by China. This form of Buddhism was soon Japanized into the now known form of Zen. Zen Buddhism is a school of meditation, which teaches enlightenment, underlined by simplicity, austerity, discipline and loyalty to one's master. Zen Buddhism was widely accepted by the Japanese people, especially by the samurai class. The ideals of Zen Buddhism projected many similar characteristic of the ... samurai code such as self-discipline, self-reliance, self-denial, frugality and loyalty (Newman, 1989). These characteristics of Bushido have become a way of life in Japanese society, it ...

• Word Count: 3562
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , renounced the world at the age of 29 to search for an ultimate solution to the problem of the suffering innate in the human condition. After six years of spiritual discipline, he achieved the supreme enlightment and spent the remaining 45 years of his life teaching and establishing a community of monks and nuns, the sangha, to continue his work. In conclusion ... ...

• Word Count: 2765
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate