... -indulgence, hedonism, cowardice, and physical and moral softness, as well as rationalism, skepticism, atheism, humanitarianism, and democracy. Fascists striving to become the "new man" appealed to "spirituality," which generated self-discipline and virility, and allowed one to feel hate instead of pity for one's victims. The last defining feature of fascism was the scapegoating of groups such as Jews, leftists, and ... ...

• Word Count: 1719
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Vilna ghetto. When the Nazi's took over Vilna in 1941 the ghetto was immediately established and Jacob Pentz was made head of the Judenrot. Pentzs enforced his philosophy that work discipline and order would preserve Jews by having spies reveal any resistance plans. However, the Jewish youth in Vilna felt adamantly disagreed and proclaimed their belief in a flyer given out on ... ...

• Word Count: 1262
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... injuries resulting in death caused by accidents. Work was carried out through intimidation, blows and other punishment measures by the SS guards. There were food shortages and prisoners suffered harsh discipline and torture. "People were treated in such an inhumane manner, it is unimaginable the hardship we faced. There were times when we wondered whether we would ever be happy again ... ...

• Word Count: 1242
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that in victory the allies also recognize their potential culpability in the commission of war crimes. Jackson goes on to say "This trial represents mankind's desperate effort to apply he discipline of the law to statesmen who have used their powers of state to attack the foundations of the world's peace This Charter and this Trial, implementing the Kellogg-Briand Pact ... ...

• Word Count: 2850
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... forever, and the wounded were left behind. Each soldier carried his own four-day ration, but unfortunally, these rations were all consumed during the first day due to lack of discipline; therefore, out of the 500,000 troops that Napoleon brought, only 20,000 of these man managed and straggled to save their lives. Finally, Napoleon's hunger for power and dominion ... ...

• Word Count: 1357
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... strengthen the national purpose, with war and expansion as tests of strength and arenas for heroic sacrifice. Coordination and propaganda: advertising, ceremonies, the ruling party as an enforer of social discipline and respect for the leader. A belief in at least some traditional hierarchies: the army, the family, sometimes the church. A hatred of socialists and liberals: socialists as opponents of national self ... ...

• Word Count: 1819
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Such forces were themselves above the law. Special courts had the power to sentence people to death for treason while concentration camps and penal settlements were other means of enforcing discipline and uniformity of thought and action. In terms of both Italy and Germany, the use of violence or threats of violence to impose their views on others (fascism and Nazism ... ...

• Word Count: 1866
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the Hitler Youth (HJ) mandatory, driving up membership of the organisation to 8,870,000 at the beginning of 1939. The Hitler Youth indoctrinated young Germans with Nazi concepts of race, discipline and obedience. Summer camps were set up, in which political ideological teachings, physical fitness, rifle practice, endurance and team-building games were core activities. The aim was to breed a new ... ...

• Word Count: 1333
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate