... 8431, in the name of her son Michael III, empress Theodora decisively restored the veneration of images to the Byzantine Empire. Consequently, the Eastern Orthodox faith, one of the major Christian religious denominations, perceives the inclusion of icons within their divine liturgies to offer a window on heaven from ... other religious groups in which the artists are given free reign over the image, the icons of the Eastern Orthodox faith are restricted by certain pre-established norms of the church. Although there exist slight differences between icons of different eras and countries,...

• Word Count: 1091
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and onslaught began, the people of Kiev had a chance to stop the Mongol invasion. When the Mongol army approached a clan on the eastern Kievan Rus border, the clan asked the princes for assistance. The Mongols insisted that they were not there to conquer, however the group of ... one of the largest and longest lasting effect of the Mongols on Russian politics was an indirect effect. While ruling their territories from the Mongol's eastern capital, darugi had to implement a procedure so they could adequately tax a territory based on their population. Thus came the use of a census ... the ...

• Word Count: 1372
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... during the fall of the Roman Empire. The Byzantines lasted even longer than the Roman Empire. Several contributions were made to the Western world by the Byzantines. They created the Eastern Orthodox religion, they preserved almost all of the Greek artifacts we have currently, and Justinian's Corpus iuris civilis became the foundation of nearly all European law and legal practice. The ... Eastern Orthodox Church's members number over 250 million worldwide, many of which are in the United States. There have been many efforts to establish a single American Orthodox church, but no union ha...

• Word Count: 479
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . In addition to numerous scattered groups, two main schools of systematic gnostic thought seem to have existed in the second century the Basilideans and the Valentinians, the latter divided into Eastern and Western branches. In addition, Marcion, a radical exegete of Paul tinged with gnostic assumptions, founded a group and made the first attempt to create a closed canon of the New Testament. Marcion ... . As noted in the definition, this is where the complexity of influence began and continues to exist today. In my understanding of the gnosis and how it differed from the Orthodox teachi...

• Word Count: 1846
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate