... power" between their respective rulers (Speilvogel 312-313). This system only worked to provide short-term appeasement of conflicts, and eventually left the Italian peninsula disorganized and extremely vulnerable to an outside invader. Ironically, this situation is eerily similar to the state of Europe in the late nineteenth ... to protect and preserve that state's interests (Spielvogel 313). Unfortunately, Machiavelli's political career was cut short because of the turmoil of the Italian city-states at the time. Spanish victory in 1512 provided for the return of the Medici's to Florence ...

• Word Count: 2510
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... works, what is possible, and, really, what for his prince results in the most power and security. The auth! or carries out this investigation using two parameters in particular, the Italian virtu and fortuna. They can be translated in many ways (Robert M. Adams has done it very nicley so I shall not repeat them here) which is part of what gives the ... . It appeals to the male; it definitely would have appealed to Lorenzo, who may have been anxious to posit his masculinity. So Machiavelli equates his prescriptions with such. First, in Italian, virtu is masculine and fortuna is feminine. ...

• Word Count: 1699
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate