... or luxury goods with stable markets managed to weather economic storms reasonably well. However, those engaged in non-luxury crafts in cities involved in long-distance trade might fall foul of merchant-entrepreneurs. For example, Frankfurt's lacemakers worked on this putting-out basis for a few rich silk merchants by 1587; the same thing happened in Antwerp's silk and construction industries, Lyons ... these urban centres. The relationship between citizens and councils was a beneficial one as it "was based on a constitutional reality that prevailed in every city" (friedrichs 37). Anothe...

• Word Count: 1967
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Communication was a major obstacle but Italian humanists also faced very strong opposition from scholars and teachers from other European Universities such as the University of Vienna, the University of Cologne, and the University of Paris. They didn't like the scholarship that humanists taught especially the rhetoric and poetry which Overfield comments they thought they were "studies in vanity ... into France, Germany, and the Iberian Peninsula. And finally over into England, where the fascination for Italian culture can be shown in several of William Shakespeare's plays set in Renaiss...

• Word Count: 2270
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate