... recordings, historical treatises and documents, score analysis, and writings on performance issues (historical and modern). Response Beethoven's "Sonata for Cello and Piano op. 69," was composed in 1806-1807. Dedicated to Baron Gleichenstein, a cellist of limited merits, the work provides useful insights into Beethoven's expectations of cellists in his own day. This essay will discuss a number performance issues that arise from bars 1-24 ... same note is repeated." Tromlitz advised its use on "long notes, fermatas, and on the note before a cadenza." Historically it seems advisable, ther...

• Word Count: 1498
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... " when it is heard. It has as many incarnations as performers and performances, each one distinctly different. A responsible performer must intimately understand each piece he will perform, not only the notes on the page, but its historical background. Several things must be understood before one can perform a piece successfully. First, a performer must analyze the piece, determine its form and harmonic ... in memorization, the analysis will give the performer direction. By identifying the form and harmonic structure of a piece, a performer can find those moments of tension and release. ...

• Word Count: 1249
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . In this era, instrumental technology developed and instruments were improved to have equal temperament, to play any key and a new key order system, which resulted in the compositions of keyboard music. The viol, which was the primary string instrument before this era was replaced with the violin, which was further modified to be used as a solo instrument. ... the Baroque era. It articulated a smoother, more synchronized form with flexibility in rhythm, contrast and mood to express more than one emotion. It introduced a balance of musical notes and melodies, which developed the piano th...

• Word Count: 927
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate