... than that "it signals a dangerous new twist in the twisted way that the system relates to the masses of Black people and other oppressed peoples (971)."" According to American Factfinder, African Americans in 1990 were only 12% of the population, whereas Caucasians made up 80%. This massive difference in population numbers added to the fact that in 1992 80% of America's drug users were White males ... proves statistically that the number of Black men in prison is an injustice (Hutchinson). The aim of this paper is to ... introduce the reasons that black males make up the majority of pr...

• Word Count: 1651
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... drives for individuality, separation, autonomy, and social acceptance (NCJRS, 2000). In an effort to understand the seriousness of juvenile substance abuse, one must look at the trends in alcohol and other drug use. The following summarizes recent trends in substance abuse among youth in the United States: Youth in the general population have reported steadily rising levels of alcohol and other drug use since ... 1992, but levels of use have not returned to the peak rates reported in the 1980's (Substance Abuse and Mental Health ... and result from dysfunctional families. Substance abus...

• Word Count: 872
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... United States. Lifetime-use patterns of marijuana, hallucinogens, inhalants, and cocaine by age group for the three population density areas are compared. In general, nonmetropolitan prevalence rates for the four drugs were slightly lower than those for the two metropolitan population density areas, however, the rates appear to be converging. Lifetime substance use was highest for those age ... 18 to 34. (Moxley,1992 p.119) A clandestine laboratory is a laboratory used for the primary purpose of illegally manufacturing controlled ... pose the most significant threats to the law enforcem...

• Word Count: 2051
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... has been at least 80% for more than a decade, and it has been rising throughout the 1990s. The total number of annual marijuana arrests, having dipped in the 1980s, has been rising sharply since 1992 (MacCoun, Rueter, 2001). It is often asserted that these arrests rarely lead to any substantial penalty, and that therefore the costs of the current high-arrest policy ... behind bars, at a total cost to taxpayers of some $1.2 billion per year. They represent almost 12% of the total federal prison population and about 2.7% of the state prison population. Of the people incarcerated in federa...

• Word Count: 2648
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... reclaiming of dignity by these men and women. Through these themes Bourgois (2002:17) portrays that the people living in El Barrio are known to blame the victim for their misfortune of being the underclass of the United States population and "living in the inferno" due to their inability to compete with the classes above them who are more able of succeeding since ... ). Puerto Rico had never had a prosperous economy and was always easily controlled by other countries through the use of military force. According to Bourgois (2002: 49), "in 1992, more than 50 percent of the Puerto Rican po...

• Word Count: 3236
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to drug prohibition. The issue of limited prison space gains significance greatly when you consider an estimated sixty-percent of prison population is serving time on drug conviction. In 1994 some seven hundred and fifty thousand people were arrested in drug related events. Of the seven hundred and fifty thousand people arrested, six hundred thousand of them were charged with minor counts of ... concerning personal property; drug abusers in hopes of supporting their drug habit committed seventy-five percent of all property crimes such as burglary and robbery. Studies have shown that out...

• Word Count: 1653
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... indeterminate life sentence (Wilson,2000). High Risk offenders have to be monitored very closely while they are in prison (Grosshandler,1990). While most correctional systems have implemented objective classification systems that have become quite effective in identifying inmates for the general prison population, less attention has been given to accurately classifying inmates who pose a higher risk and may require ... new long-term offender designation that targets sex offenders, and adds a period of supervision of up to ten years, following release from prison; strengthening the Danger...

• Word Count: 2028
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... heart rates, and has the potential to trigger severe anxiety, paranoia, and lethargy (www.ndsn.com). Yet I also feel its effects are in many ways less harmful than those of alcohol and tobacco-for instance, alcohol's potential to cause cirrhosis and tobacco's links to lung cancer and ... the large amounts of money spent on enforcement and prosecution, and prison overcrowding. The percentage of the American population living in prison has increased from .061 in 1880 to .1 in 1920 to .35 in 1995, with an associated tripling of real tax dollars required to house inmates. Today, 62% of all...

• Word Count: 1532
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in the two weeks before being surveyed (Johnston et al, 2003). This pattern of heavy, intermittent drinking is also prevalent among college students (White et al, 2002a) and young military personnel (Bray, 1996). While levels of alcohol use among adolescents remain high, the perceived risk associated with such use appears to be declining. From 1992 ... to 2002, the percentage of 12th graders perceiving "great risk of harm" associated with drinking four or five drinks per day, nearly everyday, dropped from 71% to 59% (Johnston et al, 2003). It does not appear that adolescent alcohol abuse...

• Word Count: 2963
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate