... in the Pale, a relatively urbanized settlement centered in Dublin and the outlying towns of Leinster and Munster (Becket, Short History). The Protestant Reformation introduced into Ireland in the 1530s made little progress in winning converts among the indigenous Irish population. King James I was, however, a committed member of the Church of England and was concerned to promote the established church in Ireland ... . Stories spread of terrible violence against men, women, and children who were murdered, drowned, and burned alive. Although some of the stories told have been dismissed as ...

• Word Count: 1677
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Graduate

... close at hand, or that the path of man through space and time was dark with countless dangers, and must to the end remain a high and terrible enterprise. They postured a little as republicans, and sneered at the divine pretensions of monarchy; but the republicanism that appealed to Voltaire was the crowned republicanism of the Britain of those days, in which the ... . To Voltaire official Christianity was "lnfame"; something that limited people's lives, interfered with their thoughts, and persecuted harmless dissentients. And indeed in that period of the interregnum there was very little...

• Word Count: 2009
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

... ; their main way to relate to Christianity was through visual images and physical objects, the threat of these being taken away provoked fear in many as now they would have little to help them understand teachings and philosophies of the Christian religion. The confiscation of these objects would also anger the commons as it was probably their contributions to the church ... to any private person, but by council of the commonwealth nor slay nor murder for no envy but in your hearts put away all fear and dread and take afore you the cross of Christ and in your hearts his faith the restitu...

• Word Count: 1219
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... " for the clarity and realism of his prose. In a sixteenth-century essay explaining his "rescue" of Jerome from incompetent transcribers and editors, Erasmus praises Jerome's scholarly achievements: "If you demand learning, I ask you, whom can Greece produce with all her erudition, so perfect in every department of knowledge, that he might be matched against Jerome? Who ever became so equally and completely ... ...

• Word Count: 1094
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Graduate

... as Jonathan Edwards, in his notable sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God", stating that "The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider or some loathsome insect over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked. (5b2)", and George Whitfield, who caused even the skeptical Benjamin Franklin to empty his pockets into the ... ...

• Word Count: 616
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Graduate