... empirical regularity known as conglomerate discount. In a similar vein, examine a model in which influence activities by a division render it optimal to divest the division. If conflict is modeled using a widely popular conflict technology, we find that the multi-divisional organizations always exhibit lower influence costs than single-tier organizations. Our notion of organizations is thus a political one, with conflict being the ... as others such as socialization, are not wholly effective in producing a coherent and unified set of goals. Some examples of situations where influence ac...

• Word Count: 512
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... Industrial Revolution and the huge economic growth that ensued. Peter Berger has clearly expressed four major characteristics of the modern age (Macionis, Plummer, 1998). The first, perhaps the most important or indeed obvious, is the gradual decline of the traditional community, what Toennies saw as the passing from the Gemeinshaft; the traditional close-nit community where social solidarity ... with the "aestheticization of everyday life and mass consumer culture."" (Featherstone, 1991) Postmodernism thus also induced a populist culture. Museums ceased to be elitist institutions, appe...

• Word Count: 1475
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... that stratification makes an important contribution to social order, and therefore inequality is seen as "beneficial, positive and necessary". A society must ensure that the most functionally important roles are filled by those most talented and efficient, with education and stratification allowing individuals to have an occupation that best suits their abilities. Whilst they claim that a meritocratic society gives ... high reward (financially and status-wise) to motivate the most gifted and inequality means those disadvantaged wish to improve on their position, there is much resentment...

• Word Count: 840
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... of crimes, such as domestic violence, sexual assault, and sexual harassment, and that the perpetrators of these crimes are more likely to be men. Furthermore, feminist victimology research challenged the popular concept of 'stranger danger' and revealed that "women are significantly more likely to be victimised by a man they know than by a stranger." (Wilson, 2009, ... be beyond victims' control, due to psychological and sociological factors which they as individuals possess. Indeed, Von Hentig (1948) identified thirteen of these factors which he claimed made individuals most suscept...

• Word Count: 1596
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... about how to deal with important social problems (Iyengar, 1991). Unfortunately, journalists and reporters, writers of fiction and non-fiction shows, creators of video games and writers of popular songs, are encouraged to produce creative work addressing not social responsibility, but rather the public's perceived desire for constant titillation and increasingly shocking material. This almost always precludes media ... story structures, media may promote more effective, rather than analytical, cognitive processes and lead to differential perceptions of social events. Media content is n...

• Word Count: 2159
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate