... historical overview in which traditional and nontraditional political actions will be examined. The first debate is that throughout their existence of the American continent, African American women have been engaged in political activity, the nature of which has been determined by the legal and cultural circumstances they faced at the time. The second is that African American women's political activities have been directed toward ... who were so inclined, became runaways whose acumen and skill were cited as unique and superior to those of males, organizers and operatives. The sued for...

• Word Count: 486
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Graduate

... the study of the most marginalized group to date, black enslaved women, had little to no influence in informing historical perspectives on slavery for many years. They were essentially mute in terms of cultivating the greater portion of traditional literature regarding the topic. However, with the development of women's studies as an accredited academic exploration as well as the emergence of minority histories endorsed by democratically-minded historians throughout the 70's, we have witnessed "the ... flourishing of ... ...

• Word Count: 1150
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... level. Having identified the primary obstacles to multiracial coalition building, the second part of the book is devoted to an examination of potential remedies. The author exhorts black leaders to expand their vision and address race neutral issues that significantly affect the African-American community with the same degree of fervor they accord race specific issues. He encourages the rejection of group specific political mobilization promoted by those pessimistic of coalition building in favor ... of an ideological vision that captures ... ...

• Word Count: 1618
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

... racial hierarchies that do not involve force- (Hooks , 1995). She claims that "white supremacy" is a better phrase than "internalized racism" in describing the absorption by black people of negative attitudes typically held by white people about blackness. "White supremacy" is also useful when referring to how black people are able to exercise "white supremacist control" over one another. ... Hooks views the emphasis of the struggle against "white supremacy" as helping to form coalitions among peoples of color as a catalyst of dismantling white supremacy, where peoples of color join toge...

• Word Count: 608
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Graduate

... some media oppositions of masculine aggression opposed by feminine domesticated ordering. This was evidenced in the ways in which the clean-up operation was constructed in gendered terms, as well as in certain figures of media attention such as Pauline Pearce, a 45-year-old woman who stood up to rioters and thereby earned the media soubriquet the Heroine of Hackney. The opposition of female, matriarchal and maternal peacekeeping with masculine, youthful ... the centre of London and are some of the poorer parts of the city. This social class element and geographic model of the riots drew...

• Word Count: 1528
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... (who wished to crush growing labor unionism) and big capital (who wanted lower wages by replacing expensive white workers with cheap black labor) but how capitalisms interests would override that of race in order to increase profitability . In contrast with Capitals interest of profit making the Apartheid government's goal was that of the creation of a "white" South Africa, a racially segregated society that vouched for separate development on ... both macro and interpersonal levels (Christopher, 1994, 65). The National party's notion of separating race groups was helped by pre-aparthei...

• Word Count: 2088
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate