1. What are the implications for demand in the short and long r
... society and has both positive and negative effects on the economy of a nation; it can be seen that the external costs and diminishing returns now outweigh the benefits of undercharging (www.vtpi.org). In the short term undercharging provides the individual with a benefit, defined as an internal benefit, road transport is cheaper and personal mobility is increased. It can also be ... nation. Japan, compared to the UK or USA, spends a lower proportion of its GNP on road transport indicating a more efficient economy of the nation with out high road transport dependency (www.vtpi.org). The ...
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