... and elongation. DNA is cut into small fragments using an endonuclease prior to denaturation. Since DNA is a double helix, denaturation is the step required to separate the strands from each other by increasing the temperature. In this step the temperature is increased up to about 90-95°C, for approximately one minute. The ... drastic change in temperature causes the hydrogen bonds between strands to break and as a result the two strands separate. After the completion of denaturation the sample is ready to proceed to the second step of PCR: the annealing step. After the DNA sample has ...

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