... ' crews had to be English. Sometimes such regulations backfired. During the French and Indian War (1754-1763) in North America, the British Parliament sought to increase revenues to pay the costs of defending the American colonies. It used the Navigation Acts to levy heavier duties on the American colonies. American colonists felt oppressed by these taxes, which are considered to be one of the causes of ... the American Revolution (1775-1783). In the 18th century a reaction to mercantilism began, and the philosophy of free ... because exports, such as tin, coffee, or palm oil, are in de...

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