... cause, it was not until the 16th and 17th centuries that a complete theory, which included the proper waging of a war, was established. Two names of importance regarding this development are Vitoria and Suarez. Fr. Conway, S.J., has synthesized their teaching. Hostilities are divided into two classes: an armed attack against a peaceful society and injurious actions taken against the same (generally defined as ... as a defensive war. This type of war was distinguished from the second-class hostility. An armed response to an injurious action was considered an offensive or aggressive war. ...

• Word Count: 7503
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography

... thrive [naku ko wa sodatsu]" and consists in a staring contest between infants, the winner being the one who cries first (27). An even more interesting example of ritual sumo is hitori-zumo (one-man sumo), performed at the Oyamazumi Shrine on the island of Omishima right off the northwest coast of Shikoku. Usually performed in conjunction with a rice planting ceremony ... , hitori-zumo symbolizes a struggle with the spirit of the rice plant and "it is a foregone conclusion that the human will lose to the spirit" (31). Although such various forms of ritual ... ...

• Word Count: 6746
• Approx Pages: 27
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate