... the pericardium. The pericardium is the fluid filled sac that surrounds the heart and the proximal ends of the aorta, vena cava, and the pulmonary artery. There are about three functions of the pericardium. First, it keeps the heart contained in the chest cavity, second, it prevents the heart ... the heart muscle gets the freshest blood possible. The heart muscle is drained by the cardiac veins. Most of the drainage goes from the coronary sinus into the right atrium. A small amount of blood drains directly into the right atrium by the way of the cardiac veins."# The heart ... present at ...

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... disease- (Selye, 1978). This brings to light a very important question. What role does stress play in the formation of cardiovascular disorders? Cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD), is responsible for almost half of all deaths in the United States each year (American Heart Association, 1998). According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 1999), up to ... , making it easier for plaque to build up. (p. 4) Blood clots are more likely to form during times of stress, because clotting is a reaction to stress. Clots may then block an artery narrowed by plaque and...

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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... state as a whole and often uses more than one approach at a time. As the two most common killers in the Western world, coronary heart disease and cancer are often found in the limelight of the studies testing the mind-body connection and medical techniques. Through further knowledge ... a cascade of changes in the body including increased tendency for blood clotting; a surge in coronary artery pressure; increased blood pressure, glucose levels, and lipid levels; a more rapid heartbeat; and a constriction in the coronary arteries. In short, the demands on the heart all increase. With thi...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular disease is also known as heart disease. It is inclusive of several different illnesses that include: heart failure, heart attack, coronary artery disease, vascular disease, aorta disease, heart valve disease, pericardial disease, and abnormal heart rhythms. Some of these illness are more prevalent than other, such as heart attack, high blood pressure, ... from the heart to tissues and organs and then returns back to the heart where the cycle of circulation begins again. There are three major coronary arteries that transport the blood supply throughout th...

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... problem.(37) Several cardiovascular disorders have been implicated as the principal causes of death on the athletic field, the most common being HCM.(38) Others, which are very rare include coronary artery anomalies, arrhythmic right ventricular dysphasia, long QT syndrome, or Marfan's syndrome.(39) Our awareness of this issue, as well as the consideration of preparticipation athletic screening, has been heightened by ... the medical skills, background, and training to perform a reliable history and physical examination and to recognize heart disease. 3. The evaluation should include a ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... main points and conclusions. The study in it's entirety is too long to print here. What follows is another study of hormone replacement therapy that focuses on the risk of coronary heart disease. I have included this study in it's entirety. ARCH INTERN MED Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Lipoprotein(a) and Lipid Levels in Postmenopausal Women Influence of Various Progestogens and ... Jeong Kim, MD; Young Ki Min, MD; Wang Seong Ryu, MD; Ju Won Kwak, PhD; Un Ho Ryoo, MD Background: Estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women reduces the risk of coronary artery disease. O...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... psychologically. Animals and humans are different on the cellular level, which can result in animals and humans reacting differently to medications and diseases. For example, diseases such as AIDS and coronary artery disease only affect humans, and only humans can get lung cancer from smoking cigarettes (NAVS). Because of this, animal test results frequently do not accurately represent the outcome of when ... ...

• Word Count: 2104
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate