These strands could be attached to other strands of DNA. Cohen had found a way to cross species boundaries, using cells of DNA called plasmids, and had also came up with a way of isolating and cloning genes. ... Boyer's enzyme would allow Cohen to introduce specific DNA segments to plasmids. ... The oldest of these techniques is called Recombinant DNA. ... Recombinant DNA techniques rely on biological vectors such as plasmids or viruses to carry foreign genes into cells. ...

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• Approx Pages: 13

Subclass Pelobiontae includes one genus, Pelomyxa, large cells which lack almost every characteristic of eukaryotic cells except the existence of a membrane-bound nucleus; these cells' nuclei divide like bacterial nucleoids. ... Many dinomastigotes have cells below the cell membrane that are capable of discharging a substance that stings prey. ... While the DNA of most other eukaryotes forms fibrils that are 10nm wide, the DNA of dinomastigotes is only 2.5 nm wide. Also, eukaryotic DNA usually only condenses during mitosis, but the DNA of organisms in this phylum is always condensed. ...

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• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate