... he travelled to Acquitaine in order to swear fealty to the English king Henry II. Up to this point, although Henry had been granted the Lordship of Ireland through the disputed Papal Bull "Laudabiliter" by Pope Adrian IV (the only English pope and one who wanted to extend Church control over ... of 1641. He made no distinctions between Gaelic Irish and Old English landowners either. He was the first figure in Irish history to act on the assumption that Catholics were an undifferentiated, homogeneous group and should be treated accordingly. Eleven million acres of land were confiscated an...

• Word Count: 10019
• Approx Pages: 40
• Grade Level: Undergraduate