To pose the question differently, why slavery, and why were the slaves carried across the Atlantic exclusively African? The short answer to the first of these two questions is that European expansion to the Americas was to mainly tropical and semi-tropical areas. ... One possible answer draws on the different values of societies around the Atlantic and, more particularly, the way groups of people involved in creating a trans-Atlantic community saw themselves in relation to others in short, how they defined their identity. Ocean-going technology brought Europeans into large-scale face-to-face ...

• Word Count: 4994
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Type I, clitoridectomy, is the removal of the clitoral hood with or without removal of all or part of the clitoris. Type II, excision, is the removal of the clitoris together with part or all of the labia minora. ... All those who took part... were half drunk with alcohol (Wright, 2001)." ... In addition, some of these scholars interpret passages in the Qur"an to oppose female circumcision. ... Women in these regions seem to accept female circumcision's religious origins without question. ...

• Word Count: 2909
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The originality of the system resides in the fact that the dynamic elements of society, whose discontent might have engendered revolution, are really satisfied with their social condition and do not seek to change it: a man of so- called "inferior caste" would categorically refuse to enter a so- called "superior" one. 1 In Africa, it is not rare for members of the lower caste to refuse to enter into conjugal relations with those of the higher caste, even though the reverse would seem more normal. ... The gér comprise the nobles and all freemen with no manual profes...

• Word Count: 5359
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is up to the reader to decide how each of these works are to be taken, and whether or not they will see the horror of it all. ... The second stanza of "The White Man's Burden" speaks of how patiently and selflessly the Europeans took up the "burden" of Africa, even in the face of unknown terror, "to seek another's profit and work another's gain." ... Heart of Darkness and "The White Man's Burden" both dealt with the same topic, but in different ways. ... The questions still remains as to whether the novel is racist, or simply presents a non-judgmental view of the treatme...

• Word Count: 4292
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School