... resources held back the Jews. Fighting meant giving up loved ones to actively pursue a violent organization. The alternative form of non-violent resistance became the prominent way of standing up for themselves, and this form of resistance was enacted in several ways. Evasion, theft, education, and underground publications are successful methods Bauer says the Jews fought against the Nazis without ... Bauer's reasoning takes in the reality of the situation of the time and rationally shows why armed resistance wasn't more prevalent. Hilberg, on the other hand, looks to the past for answe...

• Word Count: 3189
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and former Jews became commonplace and within two generations, most of Spanish nobility had some Jewish branches in their family tree (Stewart 35). For example, many leading church and governmental dignitaries in the 15th century, including the family of King Ferdinand, who unified the country, could ... men now considered gentile idolaters. Also, the Conversos faced a new kind of risk, because they were subject to ecclesiastical discipline, and could be condemned for heresy (Stalcup 107). Given the choices of "Baptism or death - the water of the steel", 750,000 - 1 millions Jews converte...

• Word Count: 2512
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

... incredibly compelling article, he touches upon the idea embraced by scholars such as Greenberg, Rubenstein, and Cohen. The proposal that creates an umbrella for each of his assertions is that Christianity will never be the same as it was pre-Holocaust because it will forever be forced to face ... finality of his argument embodies the idea that the surviving Jews of the Holocaust deal with God, the world, and theodicy, in many different ways, but for the most part, they see God as a figure that tortured them, betrayed them, maimed them, scared them, and most importantly, impaired their ab...

• Word Count: 2899
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the Nazi scientific community were to serve as alert biological soldiers (Crum, 33). These soldiers conducted research on non-consenting camp inmates in order to demonstrate a hereditary basis for group differences in behavioral and physical characteristics in humans (Caplan, 286). The most well known experiments in this regard were the experiments conducted on twins at Auschwitz. The other ... doctors from postwar researchers (Moe, 5). In addition, proponents argue that the following conclusions can be made in regards to scientific validity of the research: 1. There was a rationale ...

• Word Count: 4730
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... war; yet, the vehement and obsessive anti-Semitic racial ideology of Nazism gained far less appreciation in Italy than it did in Germany. For several reasons, which shall be explored here, the nature of the Holocaust in Italy differed from elsewhere in Europe. Susan Zuccotti, whose historical ... the sixteenth century. From there, ghettos developed in most major Italian cities and throughout Europe as well. Jews were confined to these ghettos for over two hundred years. Life in ghettos was characterized by harsh conditions, as well as humiliation and mistreatment by outsiders. From 1848...

• Word Count: 4666
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to commit themselves."7 Secretary Hull cabled back reminding Taylor of the rigid immigration laws and the restrictionist sentiment in Congress. The unwillingness of the U.S. to set the example, allowed for the attending nations to keep their borders closed, hiding behind domestic unemployment, anti-Semitism and, American apathy. So, before war broke out in September 1939, during that same summer ... followed orders. Restrictionism was a sentiment widely embraced in American politics and flowed from many sources. Jobs were scarce and the unemployed feared immigrants who would be willing t...

• Word Count: 4346
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... sprawling communities were founded (comprised of a considerable population of Jewish peasants) and were urban, rather than agricultural, in nature. However, the establishment of Church councils began to make life for these peasants increasingly difficult. They were forbidden from working on Sundays, which in turn affected their ability to make a living and required to pay dues4. The development of feudalism further ... large class of converts to Christianity. Continued attacks on the Jewish people were increasingly common, with prejudices and teachings of discrimination encouraged by Ch...

• Word Count: 3010
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... writers and musicians mirrored a novel phenomenon unique to industrial modernity: a large cadre of highly trained, clever, and smart professionals who substituted their undeniable skills in reasoning and critical reflection for their bankruptcy of innate musicality and inspiration. Musicality was understood by Pfitzner as akin to a racial attribute (to which Germans were particularly susceptible) largely absent in Jews"- Leon Botstein, ... works include some chamber music, including the Violin Sonata, and some string quartets, as well as some choral and orchestral music. Despite being ma...

• Word Count: 2701
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... been following the path of the war closely by listening to the radio. The Jews of Sighet began to question themselves and ask is it possible for one man and his Fascist party to wipe out an entire race of people. Although Elie 217;s family was financially stable, their ownership of ... together to form a little Jewish Republic because all they had was each other to help make it through these tough times. They appointed the Jewish police, office for social assistance, labor committee, a hygiene department and a government of machinery. T alk of deportation began to spread throughout the t...

• Word Count: 2701
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... the strongest language: most miserable of all men', lustful, rapacious, greedy, perfidious bandits', inveterate murderers, destroyers, men possessed by the devil', 'they have surpassed the ferocity of wild beasts, for they murder their offspring'. He didn't stop there. Chrysostom explained the Jews fate as a result of their murdering: no expiation possible, no indulgence, no pardon; their odious assassination of Christ ... obligations to the Jews kept in its archives." (Flannery) Another event which occurred in the 12th century, was the Blood Libel. The Christians accused the Jews of kil...

• Word Count: 5463
• Approx Pages: 22
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Hitler's death was announced, a movement from Bruckner's Seventh Symphony was played in honor of the deceased (S.Friedlander 66). The strength and character of the great German composers set the standards for the music that Hitler deemed acceptable. In Hitler's mind the only worthy musician was one of pure German descent. Hitler considered Wagner, Beethoven, and Bruckner the epitome of what a good ... German musician should be. The composers were recognized not only for their musicianship, but also for their loyalty to the Fatherland. Hitler exaggerated the importance of the musicians' ...

• Word Count: 4059
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School