... sultan where the leader was not only considered a political but a military leader where his legitimacy as a leader was proven through his ability to fulfill his divine mission of spreading Islam by conquering new territories for the empire. A chief without ability was deposed of and while an incompetent chief may remain in position due to his family's political influence, his authority ... , thus ensuring social stability. Social stability, a prerequisite for expansion, would thus allow for the possibility of social development in the ottoman society. Besides social development, the integ...

• Word Count: 4027
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the first Al Saud empire, but also made a state out of it. Abdul Aziz accomplished this by maneuvering among a number of forces. The first was the religious fervor that Wahhabi Islam continued to inspire. His Wahhabi army, the Ikhwan, for instance, represented a powerful tool, but one that was to prove so difficult to control that the he ultimately had to destroy ... made his promises to the Sherif of Mecca, promising to make him Caliph or religious leader over all Arabia they had no idea the impact this would have in the Muslim world. The British saw this as equal to making him "Pope" ...

• Word Count: 2579
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography