... science also had a great effect. This multiplicity of factors ultimately affected most of the more traditional values and attitudes prevalent in society in the pre-industrial era. As the critic Joseph Childers has noted: "The era's most conspicuous outward signs of unprecedented material change - steam engines, factories, railroads, urbanization - denoted even greater transformations in the way people thought and acted. Received ... ). There is a more subtle recognition of the differences where Pip describes, at the end of his journey to London how "the coach got into the traffic...fraye...

• Word Count: 4617
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate