... based on rationally accepted teachings on moral behavior. They drained mystery and the supernatural from Christianity. Their rational religion is called Deism, the idea that God created the universe like a master engineer and then left it to run on its own. Philosophes centered mainly in Paris, including Montesquieu, Voltaire and Rousseau. Locke argued in detail, mainly in writings associated with the ... is The Social Contract that describes the relationship of man with society. Contrary to his earlier work, Rousseau claimed that the state of nature is brutish condition without law or ...

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