... , and left them totally deserted (Jordan 90). The first outbreak of the plague in Western Europe was in October of 1347, at the Sicilian port of Messina in Italy (Jordan 90). The plague broke out when a fleet of twelve Genoese merchant ships sailed into the harbor of Messina, a town on the island of Sicily. In Messina, hundreds of people were said to be dying each day. In September ... 1346, the plague broke out at the edge of the Black Sea and infected Italian merchants trading in that area. They brought the plague home ... 90). The Black Death reached Constantinople by 1347. At that t...

• Word Count: 2258
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... succeeded in bringing it with them. Knox (page 15) states that the population losses were staggering, between1347 and 150 nearly 1 to of 3 people where gone. Venetian records stated that the death rates escalated close to 500-600 deaths a day, 60% of Venice's population was gone. As with medical professions the clergy suffered great losses as well. Theirs was an occupational hazard; entering the ... . By the next year, 1346, plague epidemics broke out in Astrakhan, Azerbaijan, and throughout the Caucasus. The northern and eastern shores of the Black Sea were ridden with plague, where the...

• Word Count: 1394
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... or luxury goods with stable markets managed to weather economic storms reasonably well. However, those engaged in non-luxury crafts in cities involved in long-distance trade might fall foul of merchant-entrepreneurs. For example, Frankfurt's lacemakers worked on this putting-out basis for a few rich silk merchants by 1587; the same thing happened in Antwerp's silk and construction industries, Lyons ... these urban centres. The relationship between citizens and councils was a beneficial one as it "was based on a constitutional reality that prevailed in every city" (friedrichs 37). Anothe...

• Word Count: 1967
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Communication was a major obstacle but Italian humanists also faced very strong opposition from scholars and teachers from other European Universities such as the University of Vienna, the University of Cologne, and the University of Paris. They didn't like the scholarship that humanists taught especially the rhetoric and poetry which Overfield comments they thought they were "studies in vanity ... into France, Germany, and the Iberian Peninsula. And finally over into England, where the fascination for Italian culture can be shown in several of William Shakespeare's plays set in Renaiss...

• Word Count: 2270
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate