... studies." Cicero influenced Francesco Petrarch, who started the renaissance revival of antiquity, when he discovered his lost letters. Petrarch also had a huge impact on many other people to come along later such as Boccaccio and Salutati. These humanists and many others thought that the medieval program of studies taught ... at every level. Th! ey had their own ideas about the texts that should form the core of the humanist curriculum, which was based on Cicero's studies. They were the subjects of grammar- specifically the scientific study of grammar which is called philology. Rhetoric-...

• Word Count: 2270
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... create a new trade route between there and Europe is confirmed by several marginal notes in his books and by the preparations he made before his voyage. He employed an interpreter adept in oriental languages, he took letters on board with him specifically for the sovereign of China, and he made it ... known to his sponsors he was to go east by way of the west' . On ... is possible to surmise from this that Columbus, the monarchy, or perhaps both didn't believe that the fleet would actually reach the Orient. In his notes there is also an indication of a desire to discover the Antipodes ....

• Word Count: 1381
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... between fast, slow, and medium. Italian terms used in musical notation denote more than a dozen different tempos, which included allegro, moderato, and lento. Within the changing meter of rhythm, song notes of various pitches were intertwined. Tone color (timbre) distinguished the sound and characteristics that separated one instrument or voice from another. The classical era between 1750 and 1820 was defined ... this fully orchestra very rarely, almost exclusively in opera and large-scale choral works and never in symphonies, where trombones were not used until Beethoven's time. Romant...

• Word Count: 1406
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate