... between astronomy and astrophysics has largely evaporated. As stated in the McGraw-Hill Multimedia Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, the older view that astronomers study objects in the sky as astrophysicists seek to explain then has been superseded. The new broadening of astronomy is illustrated by the use of chemical knowledge and methods in studying molecules in interstellar ... include extragalactic H II regions, clumpy irregular galaxies, blue compact dwarf galaxies, and the nearest, best-studied, starburst galaxy, M82. A constellation is one of the 8 areas into which the sky ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... wind speeds on Mars. The force of the wind would be higher if on Earth, and are lower on Mars because of its low density. The Sky and Clouds Different types of clouds form on Mars. One type of cloud is called a lee wave, which form around mountains, ridges, and volcanoes. ... Mars. In general the thicker clouds are found in the northern regions (Exploring Mars Home Page) The sky during the day is the color of butterscotch. It turns pinkish at sunset and sunrise. The sky color is due to suspended dust particles in the atmosphere, which contain an iron oxide mineral called magnetite ... ....

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• Grade Level: High School

... "In Roman mythology, Mercury is the god of commerce, travel and thievery" (Mercury 1). The planet probably earned this name because it moves so rapidly across the sky. Mercury has been known since the third millennium BC. Mariner 10 is the only spacecraft to visit Mercury; it flew by three times in 1974 and 1975 (Mercury ... is still volcanically active but only in a few hot spots. There are no known satellites or moons on Venus. It is the brightest object in the sky except for the Sun and the Moon, which makes it visible with the naked eye. Earth is the third planet from the sun, the fi...

• Word Count: 2531
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• Grade Level: High School

... particulate levels. Volcanoes spew out sulfur dioxide and large amounts of pulverized lava rock known as volcanic ash. A big volcanic eruption can darken the sky over a wide region and affect the earth's entire atmosphere. The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatoubo in the Philippines, for example, dumped enough volcanic ash ... coal and was so severe that in 19th-century London, street lights were turned on by noon because soot and smog darkened the midday sky. Burning gasoline in motor vehicles is the main source of smog in most regions today. Powered by sunlight, oxides of nitrogen and vola...

• Word Count: 6167
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... were made with the eye. By using measuring instruments, astronomers documented the positions of the planets against the background of stars. In 1609 Galileo Galilei turned his telescope to the sky and expanded the whereabouts of science; planetary astronomy became a new and different science, moreover, the concerns about the motions of planets, surfaces of other worlds could now be studied as ... the early solar system. Both Hyakutake and Hale-Bopp had very active nuclei during their close approaches to the Sun, and HST observed each nucleus in detail. Several times a year sky watchers ...

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... Lippershey. Two other inventors were Zacharias Jannssen and Jacob Metius. However, Galileo perfected the refracting telescope within a year and he became the first one to point a telescope up to the sky for observation. Refracting telescope: Refraction refers to the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another of different density. These telescope use a large lens called an objective ... ...

• Word Count: 3183
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• Grade Level: High School

INTRODUCTION The Sun is the most prominent object in our sky, and understanding it has been one of the primary focuses since the birth of modern astronomy. Additionally, after the realization that the Sun was itself a star, solar research became a means ... ...

• Word Count: 2570
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School