This protection requires that prisoners be afforded a minimum standard of living. ... The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment has been held to apply to prison inmates. ... Today, many of these punishments may seem antiquated, but the basic scope of the protection remains the same. ... (Prison Litigation Reform Act, Pub. ... However, in November 1993, President Clinton signed the Religious Freedom Restoration Act ("RFRA").RFRA was intended to restore the traditional protection afforded to prisoners to observe their religion, which had been weakened by decisions such as O'Lone. ...

• Word Count: 3147
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

Part of the majesty of the concept is that it is too broad to admit of a short definition that embraces every situation, and that any definition must depend on the relation a particular act bears to the fundamental law that limits legislative power. A specific and well known quote by Judge Thomas Cooley stated that "due process of law in each particular case means such an exertion of the powers of government as the settled maxims of law permit and sanction, and under such safeguards for the protection of individual rights as those maxims prescribe for the class of cases to which the one in que...

• Word Count: 3780
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

What is thought of as "probably the most important and the most satisfactory Act ever passed by Congress," the Judiciary Act of 1789 created for the people a system of courts that would ensure the presence of justice in the new American society. ... The prevention of states from "flying off" and establishing a Union of their own was the most important goal of the Court after the initiation of the Judiciary Act of 1789 and the greatest illustration of this came from Chisholm v. ... Section 25 of the Judiciary Act of 1789 gave to the Supreme Court the capability of issuing a "writ of error" to...

• Word Count: 4341
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. " The language of that section seemingly incorporates the Bill of Rights as a whole to the states, however at the time it was written many people argued against that. ... After some local cases the state of Louisiana passed an act that centralized all slaughterhouse operations to one point inside ...

• Word Count: 2594
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

With all of the troops staying in these colonies they did not offer much in the way of service as a military in protection against Native Americans and other policing duties. ... All of the tax acts of the day (sugar act, stamp act, Townshend acts, etc.) were cockamamie labels for purposeless taxes imposed on the colonists. ...

• Word Count: 3055
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There is no doubt that white collar crime has increased over the last hundred years. Of course, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, there were reports of numerous scandals and reports of kickbacks, and other various types of shady activity within corporations and the government. One of the earliest known examples of white collar crime under the definition we use today occurred in the late 19th century. The specific case as noted in the text, Crime, Justice and Society: Criminology and the Sociological Imagination took place in 1872 and involved a company named Credit Mobilier, and i...

• Word Count: 2580
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Among other important amendments are the Thirteenth (1865), which abolished slavery; the Fourteenth (1868), which granted citizenship rights to former slaves and guaranteed to every citizen due process and equal protection of the laws; the Fifteenth (1870), which granted voting rights to former male slaves; the Seventeenth (1913), which provided for the direct election of U.S. senators; the Nineteenth (1920), which established woman suffrage; the Twenty-Second (1951), which limited a president to a maximum of two elected terms in office; and the Twenty-Sixth (1971), which extended voting right...

• Word Count: 3105
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The constitution gave our government a limited, an enumerated and a delegated right to act, dispensing power between three balanced branches. ... The Bill of Rights was a revolutionary measure in that it guaranteed that our federal government could never lawfully advance outside it's authorized bounds and encroach upon the natural born rights of man to act as he chooses as long as the rights of others are not violated in the process. ... Economist Adam Smith in Wealth of Nations contended that individuals act out of self-interest. ... On that note, we are constantly reminded that our ...

• Word Count: 7038
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Jackson also uses the New Jersey Act as evidence to support his claim. He clarify that the act "permits payment for transportation to parochial schools or public schools, but prohibits it to private schools operated in whole or in part for profit....

• Word Count: 3421
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In January of 1973, the United States Supreme Court decided on the case of Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, 93 S.Ct. 705, 35 L.Ed.2d 147. The Decision made by the United States Supreme Court gave every woman a federal constitutional right to an abortion. Since that decision in 1973, the issue of abortion has been at the center of much controversy and has left many Americans divided over the issue of abortion. As the legal scholar Ronald Oworkin once said, "No judicial decision in our time has aroused as much sustained public outrage, emotion, and physical violence or as much intemperate professi...

• Word Count: 3262
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School