... cannot control their drinking even when it becomes the underlying cause of serious harm, including medical disorders, marital difficulties, job loss, or automobile crashes. Medical science has yet to identify the exact cause of alcoholism, but research suggests that genetic, psychological, and social factors influence its development. Even with all this research, in America, alcohol ... of alcoholism, I believe the research suggests that genetic, psychological, and social factors influence its development. It appears that the most advantageous treatment would to treat the whole person by...

• Word Count: 2875
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... values so that they can prevent relapse. Further treatment may include medication and therapy. Replacement therapy, which prevents withdrawal, is the most effective treatment for opiate addiction when combined with psychological counseling. Until recently, opioid treatment programs (OTPs) were limited to methadone alone. Many addicts shunned the idea for several reasons such as they would have to locate a licensed treatment ... understanding of the risks posed by prescription medications in different populations "women, adolescents, racial and ethnic groups, health professionals, those wi...

• Word Count: 3818
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... smoking materials. This is called conditioning, which is the major cause of relapse once smoking cessation has occurred (Hunter et al.). In order for an individual to quit smoking, the psychological, behavioral, and physical components of addiction must be considered so that an effective treatment plan can be developed. The most successful approaches involve a combination of behavior modification programs along with ... a greater relief of craving rather than withdrawal. The nasal spray is particularly useful for denture wearers who would not be able to chew the nicotine gum or patients...

• Word Count: 2935
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

... drive; in women it may interfere with the menstrual cycle. Morphine is highly addictive. Tolerance (the need for higher and higher doses to maintain the same effect) and physical and psychological dependence develop quickly. Withdrawal from morphine causes nausea, tearing, yawning, chills, and sweating lasting up to three days. Morphine crosses the placental barrier, and babies born to morphine- ... If the drug is not taken again there is a gradual lessening of the craving, although conditioned cues may exert an effect years afterward. Long-term use can result in digestive disorders, weig...

• Word Count: 5106
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , convulsions, and in some cases death. It is still unknown why some people become addicted while others do not. Studies indicate that people who become addicts have underlying psychological disorders. Major disturbances during childhood. These types of drugs increase alertness and energy levels. (3) Hallucinogens include LSD, PCP or angel dust. Hallucinogens are commonly associated with panic attacks at the height ... ...

• Word Count: 3046
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

... (Rosellini 52). Cocaine was first used by doctors in the late 1800's as an anesthetic. It was also used during this time to treat fatigue, alcohol, morphine addiction, impotence, stomach disorders, asthma, and many other complaints including depression. Despite evidence that cocaine was habit forming, it was an ingredient in many popular patent medicines, and until 1903 it was in Coca ... reduction. Although there are many different effects on the male and female, both may suffer from acne, jaundice, trembling, swelling of feet or ankles, and bad breath. There are also psychological eff...

• Word Count: 3784
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... (Rosellini 52). Cocaine was first used by doctors in the late 1800's as an anesthetic. It was also used during this time to treat fatigue, alcohol, morphine addiction, impotence, stomach disorders, asthma, and many other complaints including depression. Despite evidence that cocaine was habit forming, it was an ingredient in many popular patent medicines, and until 1903 it was in Coca ... reduction. Although there are many different effects on the male and female, both may suffer from acne, jaundice, trembling, swelling of feet or ankles, and bad breath. There are also psychological eff...

• Word Count: 3784
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... (Rosellini 52). Cocaine was first used by doctors in the late 1800's as an anesthetic. It was also used during this time to treat fatigue, alcohol, morphine addiction, impotence, stomach disorders, asthma, and many other complaints including depression. Despite evidence that cocaine was habit forming, it was an ingredient in many popular patent medicines, and until 1903 it was in Coca ... reduction. Although there are many different effects on the male and female, both may suffer from acne, jaundice, trembling, swelling of feet or ankles, and bad breath. There are also psychological eff...

• Word Count: 3787
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School