... unaccompanied Latin manuscript; organum, a Gregorian chant with an extra melody added to it; the ordinary mass, a compilation of five prayers; and finally, unfamiliar scales otherwise known as church modes. These were all lyrical songs, without the presence of instruments. Members of the church often ... looked down upon the accompaniment of musical instruments with these melodies. Clergy viewed instruments as distractions and as tools of the devil; nevertheless, instruments became progressively more popular within the church after about the year 1100. In addition to ... three of these ...

• Word Count: 1860
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Celio Secundo Curione wasn't a conspirator but left for Switzerland in 1542 for fear of religious persecution. Burke said that " Curion, an apparent Anabaptist, taught classics at Basel and translated Guicciardini's History of Italy into Latin"(5). Making his contribution as a humanist. But most Italian humanists weren't forced out of Italy but instead left for there own reasons. ... ideas were dangerous. Humanism and Italian culture continued to spread through the Low Countries (Netherlands, Switzerland), into France, Germany, and the Iberian Peninsula. And finally over into England, wh...

• Word Count: 2270
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate