... menstrual function requires GnRH pulsatile secretion in a critical range of frequency and amplitude. The pulses of GnRH appear to be directly under the influence of dual catecholaminergic system: norepinephrine facilitatory and dopamine inhibitory. The catecholamine system can be influenced by endogenous opioid activity. The feedback effects of steroids may be mediated through this system via catechol steroid ... GnRH antagonists bind to the GnRH receptors and provide competitive inhibition of the naturally occurring GnRH. Thus GnRH antagonists produce an immediate decline in gonadotrop...

• Word Count: 9441
• Approx Pages: 38
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and Grandfather suffered before they died with some of the debilitating symptoms of bone loss and weakening. This included spinal fractures and posture slumping. Some of the prevention methods I will mention are exercise, diet, and drugs. I will talk about the use of estrogen replacement therapy and vitamins in the prevention of osteoporosis and their possible benefits and side effects. I will discuss the difference between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis ... are; menopause before age 48, surgery to remove ovaries before normal menopause, inadequate calcium in your diet, lack of exercis...

• Word Count: 3277
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate