... the Islamic and Byzantine worlds between about 600 and 1500 AD. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, power was relinquished to many different strongholds throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Trade was growing throughout the world and ready to be conquered. In Western Europe expansion was dominated by the Germanic people, they had entered their own Iron Age and ... , encouraging immigration and economic growth. For the Islamic world trade was of paramount importance, and commercial contact was established with the Vikings and the peoples of China, South-East Asia, India, ...

• Word Count: 879
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... over the Olympic movement in the Games of 1936 in the cause of National Socialism. These, so called, political overtones were also manifest in the later East German, Soviet and Cuban use of major sporting occasions to parade their political doctrines to the rest of the world. This, today, still occurs in ... people on the basis of their race - to the distinct disadvantage of the majority black population. After years of pressure the IOC finally withdrew South Africa's invitation to compete in the 1960 Olympics. It was many years before they returned. Almost every Olympics, certainly all ...

• Word Count: 843
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and share. After alcohol, it is the most popular of what are called "recreational drugs." It has been used around the world for other purposes. In some primitive tribes of South America, Africa, and India, "cannabis" is used in religious ceremonies and for medical purposes. African mine workers have used it to ease the drudgery of their work and many Jamaicans use ... century B.C., and was used in China as an anesthetic 5,000 years ago. The ancient Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, and East Indians used the drug to control muscle spasms, reduce pain, and to treat indigestion. It was ...

• Word Count: 1010
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

... , but only to trade and show off their achievements. To this day, China still is the heart of Asian culture. Trade played a key role in the history of both East and West Africa, for trading helps spread culture, and prosperity. Highly developed trade networks during the Middle Ages turned small villages and merchants into wealthy city-states, prosperous kingdoms and lords. During ... the most cherished item was gold. As the trade between these Eastern African villages continued, small villages developed into powerful and prosperous city-states, while other small cities in the south becam...

• Word Count: 652
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... is thus large and likely to increase. Worldwide, desertification is making approximately 12 million hectares useless for cultivation every year. This is equal to 10% of the total area of South Africa or 87% of the area of cultivated lands in our country. In the early 1980s it was estimated that, worldwide, 61% of the 3257 million hectares of all productive drylands ... dunes with large boulders or petroleum will interrupt the wind regime near the face of the dunes and prevent the sand from moving. Sand fences are used throughout the Middle East and the United States, in the same way sno...

• Word Count: 688
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School