... ; Isiah contains advice on planting a vineyard; Amos and Joel, Jeremiah and Ezekial, Zachariah and Nehemiah all use the vine as a symbol of a happy state (Carter). The precise phrases of Saint Thomas Aquinas, the great Italian friar-philosopher of the 13th century, sum up the significant place of wine in the Mass: The Sacrament of the Theologian can only be performed with wine ... grapes is in some sort an image of the effect of the Sacrament. By this I mean spiritual joy, for it is written that wine makes glad the heart of man (Aquinas 81). Because wine was so eagerly associated with wo...

• Word Count: 1937
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School