... without contaminating such an untouched specimen as it may be. "Since the 1996 discovery of a liquid lake, sealed for millions of years beneath two miles of solid ice scientists have speculated about the novel life forms existing within. Located in the Antarctic, Lake Vostok is a pristine ... in depth with that of Lake Tahoe (Morton, 2000). Scientist Chris McKay, a planetary scientist with NASA, suggests that "Microbes within the liquid water habitat of Lake Vostok may shed light on the viability of life in similar harsh environments beyond Earth, such as in the frozen ocean subsurface ...

• Word Count: 2395
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

... Mars. Clues to Extra Terrestrial Life in Extreme Circumstances In the last few years scientists have noticed that wherever there is water on earth there appears to be some kind of life making it's home there. This has led these scientists to the logical conclusion that ... by a team of Australian scientists. They discovered a gold laced black smoker' (Figure 1). These are chimney like structures created by underwater geysers. The water that flows from these geysers is swept up from deep in the earth's crust and is rich in minerals and nutrients. These minerals and nutrients are ... in i...

• Word Count: 1831
• Approx Pages: 7

... as 4.7 miles (7.5 kilometers) below the moon's ice crust- (Weinstock). "Planetary scientists say the most likely explanation for the data is a liquid-water ocean similar to oceans found on Earth - a possibility that has extraterrestrial life-seekers reeling with excitement-(Weinstock). The interior of Europa is heated by tidal ... floating on top of a liquid or slush underneath the surface. "It is possible that the plate movements occurred in the past and the water layer is now frozen and can no longer move. However, the surface of Europa is not blanketed with impact craters, an indicati...

• Word Count: 1322
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate