... wanted more money to identify what everybody in America should have, in terms of food rations, batteries, and water. Also, Kennedy wanted the air-raid systems and fallout detection systems upgraded along with fall-out shelters. In response to Soviet moves to cut off allied access to Berlin on August ... as the North Vietnamese and Pathet Lao took control of most of the major areas in northern Laos in 1964. Meanwhile, the US initiated secret air wars in Laos. By 1968, American pilots would be flying over 300 dangerous missions a day to fight thousands of Communist troops in Laos. ... ca...

• Word Count: 6991
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: High School

... and on August 4 the USS Turner Joy reported that North Vietnamese patrol boats had fired on the ship. Johnson then ordered the first air strikes against North Vietnamese territory and went on television to seek approval from the US public. (Subsequent congressional investigations would reveal that the ... returned to Vietnam. After the Gulf of Tonkin incident the NLF guerrillas launched between February 7 and February 10, 1965, surprise attacks on the U.S. air base at Pleiku, killing 8 Americans, wounding 126, and destroying 10 aircraft; they struck again at Qui Nhon, killing 23 U.S. se...

• Word Count: 2721
• Approx Pages: 11

... , he was pronounced dead; he had never regained consciousness. Ninety minutes after Kennedy was fatally shot, Vice president Johnson was sworn in as president on Air Force One. That afternoon, Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested and charged with murder. "On November 24, a Dallas Man, Jack Ruby, shot and killed ... hard until the sixties. In 1961, the united states provided the first direct military support to South Vietnam, which included 36 army helicopters and air and ground crews, totaling nearly 400 men. The united states really got into the war when President Kennedy gave the signal on Fe...

• Word Count: 4042
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . In May President Johnson was presented with a new plan of action by his Defense Secretary Robert S. McNamara. The plan called for increased U.S. involvement in South Vietnam in the way of air strikes and combat troops. Johnson made it clear that any action of that nature needed to be preceded by congressional endorsement. In July, Johnson and the Democratic Party's policies came ... food programs. Saddam Hussein failed to meet almost every single resolution passed by the UNSC. In December 1998 operation "Desert Fox" was launched. The U.S. and U.K. for four days conducted joint air stri...

• Word Count: 4274
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... underestimated. General Vo Nguyen Giap spread his forces widely, neutralising French reserves. He then ringed the fortress with artillery and entrenchments, cutting off all French means of support except by air and that was severely interdicted by anti-aircraft fire. Finally, after much costly and bloody fighting, Bien Dien Phu fell on 7 May 1954 and the surviving defenders were marched off ... jealously restricted by the French. Then, shortly after the fall of Bien Dien Phu, there arrived the Saigon Military Mission (SMM), headed by Colonel (later Maj-Gen) Edward G Lansdale, a US Air F...

• Word Count: 3628
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... are the times of lining men up across from each other on an open prairie and taking turns shooting at each other. The war has translated into a battle: in the air, sea, and on the ground. Gone are the bayonets and generals on horseback. Now it is tanks, self guided missiles, chemical or in some cases atomic weapons. I am going to ... sword in to the Ho Chi Minh trail, the heart of the supply line of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong. Ho Chi Minh trail couldn't be taken only by air strikes, it needed to be attacked with ground forces head on. The heart of the Viet Cong and North Vietnam...

• Word Count: 3143
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... underestimated. General Vo Nguyen Giap spread his forces widely, neutralising French reserves. He then ringed the fortress with artillery and entrenchments, cutting off all French means of support except by air and that was severely interdicted by anti-aircraft fire. Finally, after much costly and bloody fighting, Bien Dien Phu fell on 7 May 1954 and the surviving defenders were marched off ... jealously restricted by the French. Then, shortly after the fall of Bien Dien Phu, there arrived the Saigon Military Mission (SMM), headed by Colonel (later Maj-Gen) Edward G Lansdale, a US Air F...

• Word Count: 4606
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... August 1 and 4 North Vietnamese patrol boats launched two unprovoked attacks on American destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. "Within hours of the second (disputed) attack, the United States launched air strikes against the North, destroying twenty-five patrol boats and some oil storage facilities. " (Hopkins, pg. 43) With this decision alone, President Johnson escalated the war. Soon after President Johnson ... aggression. " This lead to the creation of the strategy for taking control over Vietnam called Rolling Thunder. This strategy included an operation consisting of the bombing of Nor...

• Word Count: 4657
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... of Tonkin ( international waters ), thirty miles off the coast of Vietnam. On August 3rd, 1964, President Johnson gave the right " to attack with the objective of destroying attacking forces ". Retaliation air attacks began on August 3rd. Their aim was to destroy North Vietnam's gunboat capability. As two more United States destroyers were supposedly sunk, more ... air and sea forces were sent. Up until now, the U.S. had refrained from direct combat. This is when the United States formally entered the Vietnam War. The U.S. did this for two ... ...

• Word Count: 3756
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... military women were in the Army Nursing Corps, while the remainder of these women were either enlisted or officers in each branch of the military serving as clerks, photographers, cartographers, air-traffic controllers " all non- combat positions. The non-military American women served as journalists, Red Cross workers, missionaries, teachers, entertainers, and government workers in many agencies that existed in ... , there were still others who were assigned to a variety of non-combat, non-medical jobs. They served as personnel on naval vessels, headquarters offices, and on bases as pho...

• Word Count: 2573
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... consequently fired on by Viet Cong gunboats (Encarta "Vietnam War-). This confrontation was the excuse to go to war the U.S. was waiting for, and President Johnson immediately ordered the first air strikes on North Vietnam following a second attack on the USS TurnerJoy (Encarta "Vietnam War-). These attacks on U.S. ships were seen as acts of war, and President Johnson was given full ... ...

• Word Count: 2816
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... consequently fired on by Viet Cong gunboats (Encarta "Vietnam War-). This confrontation was the excuse to go to war the U.S. was waiting for, and President Johnson immediately ordered the first air strikes on North Vietnam following a second attack on the USS TurnerJoy (Encarta "Vietnam War-). These attacks on U.S. ships were seen as acts of war, and President Johnson was given full ... ...

• Word Count: 2744
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School