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The Apollo Program

 

            The Apollo program was designed to make history; land a man on the moon for the first time. It was a race to the moon involving Americans and Russians. "I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth" this speech from President John F. Kennedy on May 25, 1961, marked the official start of the Apollo program. The space race is one of the most important reasons that a lot of money has been spent on space research over few a decades. United States lost and won, because Soviet Union launched the first satellite in 1957 and sent the first human into space, but Americans won the race to send a man to the moon, Yuri Gagarin. Apollo program demonstrated human technical ability to explore. Project Apollo cost 24 billion dollars for the United States. But this was worth it; they brought back around 2000 rock samples from space and won the space race against Soviet Union.
             The Apollo spacecraft was a spacecraft designed to take astronauts to the moon. The Apollo spacecraft was composed of five parts, which were, combined Command/Service Module (CSM), and a Lunar Module (LM), supported by an emergency Launch Escape System (LES), and a Spacecraft/Lunar Module Adapter (SLA) designed to connect to CSM to the launch vehicle. The LES and SLA were not actually part of spacecraft, but were considered part of the spacecraft stack during space vehicle assembly. Command Module (CM) was cone shaped control center for the Apollo spacecraft and living area for the three astronauts in space. Command Module was pressurized and had a thick heat shield to protect the astronauts. Command Module contained the pressurized main crew cabin, crew couches, control and instrument panel, optical and electronic guidance systems, communications systems, environmental control system, batteries, heat shield, reaction control system, forward docking hatch, side hatch, five windows and the parachute recovery system.


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