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Citizen participation in politics

 

            Citizen Participation in American Politics.
             Elections and Democracy Three Theories.
            
             » Elections should present a "real choice": .
             - Political parties should stand for different policies, .
             - The voters should choose between them, and .
             - The winning party should carry out its mandate .
             l Electoral reward and punishment .
             » Voters simply make backward-looking judgments about how well incumbent officials have done .
             » , Rewarding success with reelection and punishing failure .
             l Electoral competition .
             » Parties compete for votes by taking the most popular positions .
             » Both parties end up standing for the same policies.
             Madison's Theory of the Republic.
             l The problem: factional conflict .
             l The problem extended: tyranny .
             l Self-interest is the solution.
             lThe Problem: factional conflict.
             »if not controlled by government, they could rip society apart .
             lThe Problem extended: Tyranny .
             »Madison wants to control factions without imposing unacceptable tyranny .
             lSelf-Interest is the Solution »Republican government employs self-interest to control self-interest.
             Self-interest As the Solution.
             l Voters would choose representatives that best fit their self-interest .
             l Representatives refine and enlarge the public views .
             l Factions check the interests of competing factions .
             l In seeking their own interests the representatives will represent the interests of their constituencies .
             l Conflict of interest would prevent government from pursuing particular interests.
             lVoters would choose representatives that best fit their self-interest .
             lRepresentatives refine and enlarge the public views .
             lFactions check the interests of competing factions .
             lIn seeking their own interests the Representatives will represent the interests of their constituencies .
             »voters will elect someone that will represent their own interests .
             »representatives will represent their constituencies interests because they want to get reelected.


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