As a school filled with mostly republican students, there was uproar when the news spread that Louis-de-Grand was to be returned to the control of monarchial sympathizers. The older students staged a rebellion, but it was soon uncovered, and the ringleaders expelled. The remaining rebels were forced to demonstrate their allegiance to the king by drinking a toast to King Louis XVIII, and upon their refusal, they too were expelled from the school. Galois was too young to be drawn into the events, but what he saw started him on the path towards becoming a republican revolutionary. So it was at Louis-de-Grand that he received the beginning of his mathematic education, but it was also there he was drawn into the political madness that drove him to his end. .
II. Attempts and Failures.
As he was making progress in the mathematical field, 1829 appeared to be the beginning of a promising future for young Galois. However, his life had already taken a bleaker turn. His father committed suicide after a scandal resulting from a power struggle in his village, which was celebrated as a monarchist victory. Of course, this did nothing to endear the monarchy in Galois' eyes. The tragic event only reinforced his republican views. .
A few days after the death of Nicholas-Gabriel Galois, Evariste took the entrance exam for École Polytechnique, the most prestigious school in France. This was his second attempt, as he had applied and been rejected the year before. Though in 1829 his mathematic prowess was at a peak, the school was apparently unprepared to recognize the genius in his unorthodox methods. His tendency to solve equations in his head appeared to them as an inability to write his problems out on paper; combined with his unconventional techniques, he did not make a positive impression on the examiners. What they could not understand, they wrote off as stupidity - the examiners did not give Galois entrance into Polytechnique.
Pierre de Fermat was born on August 17th, 1601. He was of Basque origin, and received his primary education from the local school. He had one brother and two sisters. Fermat studied law at the University Toulouse, and received a degree in civil law. His studies included foreign languages, classical ...
However, the remaining components of the Rijndael round function– byte swapping, constant multiplication by an element of Galois Field, and key addition were found to be simpler in structure, resulting in these elements of the round function requiring fewer hardware resources. ...
Richard Dedekind: An Algebraic Foundation for Calculus In 1858, while giving lectures on differential calculus, mathematician Richard Dedekind noted the lack of a truly scientific foundation of the arithmetic with which he taught his class. Realizing this flaw, Dedekind was motivated to improve ...