A good example in Primary Colors is, near the beginning, Stanton has a meeting with a group of men and women who had been illiterate for most of their lives and had recently taken it upon themselves to learn how to read. Stanton had no personal affection with these groups of people but just wanted the community to think that he really cared. He knew being part of a community and getting involved would help him to become powerful.
Being part of a community gave them dignity, made them feel important, and gave them the kind of identity that gave them pride, and overall, the community makes claims on oneself, which made the two characters part of powerful country. It represented Patriotism. Both of these characters knew that the community would become stronger if their community saw these two figures playing many roles in their lives. For example, in Primary Colors, the fact that Stanton and his staff would travel from state to state for the primaries, made him "known" within the community. Likewise, Skeffington running for mayor helped developed the feelings of Patriotism. He shared his unique memories within the community to feel important, to get known, and to help stabilize the community.
At the same time, these books also differed in moral and ethical aspects. In Primary Colors, the moral issue is centered on the legal aspects of Jack Stanton's dealings, even though he is altruistically motivated. In this novel, there is an element of immorality that seems to be secondary to how the campaign is run. An excellent example of this is the socially accepted definition of politicians as dishonest while the public continues to expect accountability for moral or immoral actions. Western culture defines "ethical" as pertaining to its politicians as encompassing the values of impartiality, legality, integrity, transparency and responsibility (Anonymous, 126). .
In The Last Hurrah, Edwin O"Connor portrays its Irish-American boss, Skeffington (mayor), as a demagogue and a rogue who deeply understands his people while he is running for one last term as mayor of Boston.