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Were the 1950's the Happy Days



             Arkansas enrolled the first black students, nine .
             in all. It took two weeks into the school year .
             and the sending of the National Guard by .
             Eisenhower to enable the students to successfully .
             enter the school. The city bus strike led by .
             Martin Luther King, Jr., after Rosa Parks was .
             arrested for refusing to move to the back of the .
             bus, occurred in 1955. These important racial .
             decisions led to the Civil Rights Movement.
             Economically and socially, America was better .
             than it had been in years. The economy was .
             booming, unemployment rate dropped to 5% or less .
             for the decade. This was much lower than the 15-.
             25% unemployment rate that had occurred five to .
             ten years before, during the Great Depression. .
             Government spending, which had ended .
             the Great Depression in the 1940s, .
             continued to stimulate growth through.
             public funding of schools, housing, .
             veterans" benefits, welfare, and the .
             $100 billion interstate highway .
             program which began in 1965 .
             (Brinkley 800).
             .
             One of the most important events that took .
             place during Eisenhower's eight years was the .
             Federal Highway Act of 1956. "This landmark bill .
             provided construction of 41,000 miles of freeways .
             to be built over a ten year period at the cost of .
             $26 billion" (Wright 736). The highways not only .
             would stimulate the economies by boosting the .
             purchase of cars, gas, and tires, they also help .
             aid the movement from cities to the suburbs that .
             were starting to expand. The highways were to .
             connect cities with a population of 50, 000 or .
             more people. The government decided that a way to .
             help generate resources for this program was to .
             raise the Federal Gasoline Tax from three cents .
             to four cents a gallon. This Highway Act aided in .
             the migration to the West. .
             .
             The Highway Act did indeed boost car sales, .
             and new homes were in high demand. William J. .
             Levitt, of New York, answered the demand for .
             new houses.


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