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Basal Cell Carcinoma


            Basal Cell is the most common skin cancer, developing on the top layer of the epidermis. Basal cell cancer is caused by the ultraviolet rays of the sun, and may first appear as a small lesion on the skin. Eventually, this abnormality my become a discolored bump, growing slowly and changing color and size. The larger the lesion becomes, the more it may discolor and possibly begin to bleed and scab.
             To detect whether or not a growth on the skin is cancerous, a physician will perform a biopsy on a portion of the lesion. A biopsy is an incision on the skin where the growth is located. There are several types of biopsies, and the one that the doctor conducts will depend on the size and area of the growth. .
             The four types of Basal Cell biopsies are as follows: punch, incision, excision and shave. Those are the four most common types of biopsies. Once a biopsy is done the doctor then sends it to the lab for the pathologist to view under a microscope.
             Treatment for basal cell may just be done by having a biopsy. Further treatment is considered by the stage, size, and location of the cancer. Treatment is aimed to destroy or remove the cancer completely. Surgery is on form of treatment which will depend on the size and location of the cancer. Topical chemotherapy is in a cream or lotion form. It is most often used when the is skin cancer is too large for surgery or if there are new growth on the body. Photodynamic therapy is a source of light such a laser . This is used to treat cancer on the surface of the skin. Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill the cancer. Radiation is not common for skin cancer but may be used in areas where surgery is difficult such as your, eyes, ears, and nose.
             There has been clinical studies on basal cell carcinoma. Researcher Daniel Von Hoff, MD and his team have tried a novel molecule (GDC-0449), which shrinks the tumors. This chemical works by blocking a pathway and is designed to replicate the properties of cyclopamine (a chemical found in nature).


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